Journeys End Revision Essay Sample free essay sample

OCR Drama Exam TasksStudents have to take one inquiry to reply from a pick of three. The first of the three picks will ever be extract-based. The infusion is normally one to one and a half pages in length with the inquiries concentrating straight on the infusion ( mentioning to ‘this moment’ or ‘this extract’ . or utilizing the word ‘here’ ) . These inquiries do necessitate an apprehension of the whole text. but close attending to the printed infusion is the cardinal demand for successful replies. At least one undertaking will concentrate on a broader subject than the extract-based inquiry. Questions frequently ask for a response to a character or a relationship. but non merely as a impersonal character survey where you show what you think of the character and why. but more as a weighing up of what the character adds to the impact of the drama. The Drama texts are the lone country of the specification which can offer an empathic/re- originative undertaking ask foring pupils to compose as one of the characters. We will write a custom essay sample on Journeys End Revision Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Such inquiries will non needfully be set. but they frequently appear as the 3rd pick. Empathic inquiries are a popular and successful option for many campaigners who enjoy the chance to believe and experience as a character at a peculiar minute in the drama instead than follow the more conventional essay attacks. Journey’s End Set in the trenches at Saint-Quentin. Aisne. in 1918 towards the terminal of the First World War. Journey’s End gives a glance into the experiences of the officers of a British Army foot company in World War I. The full narrative plays out in the officers’ dugout over four yearss from 18 March 1918 to 21 March 1918. Plot sum-upAct IIn the British trenches before St Quentin. Captain Hardy converses with Lieutenant Osborne. an older adult male and public school maestro. who has come to alleviate him. Hardy gags about the behavior of Captain Stanhope. who has turned to alcohol in order to get by with the emphasis which the war has caused him. While Hardy gags. Osborne defends Stanhope and describes him as â€Å"the best company commanding officer we’ve got† . Private Mason. a servant cook. is everlastingly non caring about the deficiency of ingredients and quality of nutrient he serves up. Second Lieutenant Trotter is a rotund soldier who likes his nutrient ; he can’t stand the war and counts down each hr that he serves in the front line by pulling circles onto a piece of paper and so coloring them in. Second Lieutenant Raleigh is a immature and naif officer who joins the company. Raleigh knew Stanhope from school where he was skipper at rugger and refers to him as Dennis. He a dmits that he requested to be sent to Stanhope’s company. Osborne intimations to him that Stanhope will non be the same individual he knew from school as the experiences of war have changed him ; nevertheless Raleigh does non look to understand. Stanhope is angry that Raleigh has been allowed to fall in him and depict the male child as a hero-worshipper. As Stanhope is in a relationship with Raleigh’s sister Madge. he is concerned that Raleigh will compose place and inform his sister of Stanhope’s imbibing. Stanhope tells Osborne that he will ban Raleigh’s letters so that this does non go on ; Osborne does non O.K. . Stanhope has a acute sense of responsibility and feels that he must go on to function instead than take leave to which he is entitled. He criticises another soldier. Second Lieutenant Hibbert. who he thinks is forging neuralgia so that he can be sent place alternatively of go oning contending. Osborne puts a tired and slightly intoxicated Stanhope to bed. Stanhope ( and the other officers ) refers to Osborne as ‘Uncle’ . Act II Scene 1Trotter and Mason converse about the bacon vermillion rockfishs which the company has to eat. Trotter negotiations about how the start of spring makes him experience youthful ; he besides talks about the altheas which he has planted. These conversations are a manner of get awaying the trenches and the world of the war. Osborne and Raleigh discourse how slowly clip base on ballss at the forepart. and the fact that both of them played rugger before the war and that Osborne was a headmaster before he signed up to contend ; while Raleigh appears interested. Osborne points out that it is of small usage now. Osborne describes the lunacy of war when depicting how German soldiers allowed the British to deliver a hurt soldier in No Man’s Land and the following twenty-four hours the two sides shelled each other to a great extent. He describes the war as â€Å"silly† . Stanhope announces that the barbed wire around the trenches needs to be mended. It is announced that an progress will happen on Thursday forenoon and that this information has been gathered from a captured German soldier. They province that this means the onslaught is merely two yearss off. Stanhope confiscates a missive from Raleigh take a firm standing on his right to ban it. Stanhope is in a relationship with Raleigh’s sister and is worried that. in the missive. Raleigh will uncover Stanhope’s turning alcohol addiction. Full of self-loathing. Stanhope accedes to Osborne’s offer to read the missive for him ; the missive is in fact full of congratulations for Stanhope. The scene ends with Stanhope softly excepting from Osborne’s suggestion to re-seal the envelope. Scene 2 In a meeting with the Sergeant Major it is announced that the onslaught is taking topographic point on Thursday. Stanhope and the Sergeant-Major discuss conflict programs. The Colonel relays orders that the General wants a foray to take topographic point on the German trench prior to the onslaught. â€Å"a surprise daytime raid† . all old foraies holding made under screen of dark. and that they want to be informed of the result by seven p. m. Stanhope provinces that such a program is absurd and that the General and his staff simply want this so their dinner will non be delayed. The Colonel agrees with Stanhope but says that orders are orders and that they must be obeyed. Later it is stated that in a similar foray. after the British heavy weapon barrage. the Germans had tied ruddy shred to the spreads in the barbed wire so that their soldiers knew precisely where to develop their machine guns. It is decided that Osborne and Raleigh will be the officers to travel on the foray despite the fact that Raleigh has merely late entered the war. Hibbert goes to Stanhope to kick about the neuralgy he states he has been enduring from. Stanhope states that it would be better for him to decease from the hurting. than for being shot for abandonment. Hibbert maintains that he does hold neuralgies but when Stanhope threatens to hit him if he goes. he breaks down shouting. The two soldiers admit to each other that they feel precisely the same manner. and are fighting to get by with the emphasiss that the war is seting on them. Osborne reads aloud to Trotter from Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. his chosen reading and another effort to get away from the worlds of the war. The scene ends with the idealistic Raleigh. who is untouched by the war. saying that it is â€Å"frightfully exciting† that he has been picked for the foray. Act III Scene 1There is verification that the foray is still traveling in front. The Colonel states that a German soldier demands to be captured so that intelligence can be extracted from him. Osborne admits to Stanhope that he knows he’s likely non coming back and asks Stanhope to look after his most precious ownerships and direct them to his married woman if he does non come back after the foray. In the proceedingss before traveling over the top Raleigh and Osborne talk about place – the New Forest and the town of Lyndhurst. in order to go through the clip. Smoke-bombs are fired and the soldiers move towards the German trench. a immature German soldier is captured. However Stanhope finds out that Osborne has been killed although Raleigh has survived. Stanhope sardonically states: â€Å"It’ll be terribly nice the Brigadier’s pleased† when the Colonel’s first concern is whether information has been gathered. non whether all the soldiers have returned safely ; six of 10s enlisted work forces have been killed. Scene 2 Trotter. Stanhope and Hibbert drink and speak about adult females. They all appear to be basking themselves until Hibbert is annoyed when Stanhope tells him to travel to bed. and he tells Stanhope to travel to bed alternatively. so Stanhope all of a sudden becomes angry and begins to shout at him and tells him to unclutter off and acquire out. Stanhope besides becomes angry at Raleigh. who did non eat with the officers that dark but preferred to eat with work forces below his rank. Stanhope is offended by this and Raleigh finally admits that he feels he can non eat while he thinks that Osborne is dead and his organic structure is in No Man’s Land. Stanhope is angry because Raleigh had seemed to connote that he didn’t attention about Osborne’s decease because he was eating and imbibing. Stanhope yells at Raleigh that he drinks to get by with the fact that Osborne died. to bury. Stanhope asks to be left entirely and angrily Tells Raleigh to go forth. Scene 3 The German onslaught on the British trenches attacks. and the Sergeant Major Tells Stanhope they should anticipate heavy losingss. When it arrives. Hibbert is loath to acquire out of bed and into the trenches. A message is relayed to Stanhope stating him that Raleigh has been injured by a shell and that his spinal column is damaged significance that he can’t travel his legs. Stanhope orders that Raleigh be brought into his dugout. He comforts Raleigh while he lies in bed. Raleigh says that he is cold and that it is going dark ; Stanhope moves the taper to his bed and goes deeper into the dugout to bring a cover. but. by the clip he returns. Raleigh has died. The shells continue to detonate in the background. Stanhope receives a message that he is needed. He gets up to go forth and. after he has exited. a howitzer hits the dugout doing it to fall in and bury Raleigh’s cadaver. Fictional characters Discussed Captain Dennis StanhopeCaptain Dennis Stanhope. a British officer whose three old ages in the forepart lines have made him a difficult. misanthropic. and heavy-drinking adult male. Stanhope is first and foremost a soldier. nevertheless. and when his immature friend is fatally hurt. he returns instantly to his responsibilities as commanding officer. Lieutenant Osborne Lieutenant Osborne. Stanhope’s 2nd in bid. He is a middle-aged adult male who was a school teacher in civilian life. Osborne is dying to maintain peace in the company. He is killed. along with several other members of a busting party sent out to capture some captives from whom the colonel of the regiment hopes to obtain information. Lieutenant Raleigh Lieutenant Raleigh. a school friend of Stanhope and the brother of Stanhope’s fiancee. Raleigh worships Stanhope as a hero and can barely acknowledge his old friend when he meets him in the forepart lines. Raleigh is a fledgling young person. full of verve. who shortly makes friends with Osborne. He can non understand how the other work forces in the company can observe after Osborne and several others are killed in the busting party. Raleigh is fatally wounded in a German onslaught. Second Lieutenant Hibbert Second Lieutenant Hibbert. an officer in Stanhope’s company who is a skulker and a coward. Stanhope bullies Hibbert into remaining on responsibility after Hibbert tries to acquire a physician to give him a medical alibi for being relieved from responsibility. Quotation marks ‘CAPTAIN HARDY. a ruddy faced. cheerful-looking man†¦intently drying a sock over a candle fire. ’ – Sherriff chooses to get down his drama with a humourous image that causes the audience to allow down their guard. Everything seems happy and relaxed: the contrast when the existent state of affairs becomes clear is all the more effectual. The audience are made to concentrate foremost on a taper which will go important at the terminal of the drama. ‘Don’t have excessively much H2O. It’s instead strong today’ – underlines the unpleasantness of army life ( H2O tasting of germicide ) . but besides strikes a note on the first page that will be echoed at the very terminal of the drama: both Hibbert and Raleigh ask for H2O merely before their deceases. ‘and those horrid small things like Ananas comosuss – you know’ – The usage of babyish linguistic communication is frequent and helps do the war seem endurable. Compare Osborne reading Alice in Wonderland. ‘A dug-out got blown up and came down in the men’s tea. They were terribly annoyed. // Osb. There’s nil worse than soil in your tea. ’ – A batch of trench talk is ‘counter-intuitive’ temper. Cipher makes much of the fact that. seemingly. no 1 died or was earnestly injured. alternatively the focal point is on the relatively minor catastrophe of contaminated tea. ‘By the manner. you know the large German onslaught is expected any twenty-four hours now? ’ – Sherriff begins to construct up audience tenseness. This is the first indicant of what this drama is truly traveling to be approximately. Historically. the ‘big attack’ was the Kaiserschlacht. the last large German offense of the war. The prong of the onslaught at Saint-Quentin. where Journey’s End is set. was called Operation Michael. ‘There’s more conveyance than usual coming up†¦bringing up tonss and tonss of men’ – Sherriff once more increasing the tenseness. ‘†¦ my last officer. He got lumbago the first dark and went home’ – This introduces the subject of ‘going sick’ which will affect Stanhope and Hibbert. Hardy doesn’t seem to care much about losing an officer with ‘backache’ ( another hard unwellness to name. like Hibbert’s neuralgy ) . and this will contrast starkly with Stanhope’s attitude. ‘I hope we’re lucky and acquire a youngster heterosexual from school. They’re the sort that do best. ’ – so much of the drama revolves around school. specifically because Osborne was a instructor and Stanhope and Raleigh are merely out of school. This is a serious remark from Osborne: immature work forces of 18/19 seemingly tended to maintain their nervus longer than older soldiers. Although Osborne is serious. we can see Sherriff emphasizing the flooring facet of the utmost young person of those contending in 1918. ‘You maintain yourself in by hanging your weaponries and legs over the side. ’ – Army life is presented as shocking – no proper beds. no nice water†¦ ‘115 rifle grenades – I shouldn’t utilize them if I were you ; they upset Jerry and do him violative. Besides. they are rusty. in any case’ – Hardy’s attitude to the war is exceptionally easy-going. He doesn’t attention about rusty rifle-grenades. Sherriff includes this illustration of an ( older ) hapless company commanding officer to contrast with Stanhope who enters after this brief introductory scene which serves. among other things. to construct up the audience’s involvement in his character before he appears. â€Å"Because he’s stuck it till his nervousnesss have got battered to spots. he’s called a drunkard† This quotation mark shows how much Osborne cares about Stanhope and besides how much he respects him. â€Å"You’ll find the other officers call me uncle† Shows how sort and reliable Osborne can be. â€Å"Drinking like a fish as usual? † ( says Hardy ) . This quotation mark merely backs up the fact that Stanhope is an alcoholic. â€Å"You know you mustn’t anticipate to happen him rather the same† Osborne kindly warns Raleigh so he doesn’t acquire a daze when he meets Stanhope. â€Å"How terribly quiet it is† Raleigh says – this shows how unusual the ambiance must hold been in the front line. â€Å"Another small worm seeking to writhe home† Says Stanhope speaking about Hibbert whom he disrespects because he is seeking to travel place. â€Å"Yes. I’m a hero† sardonically says Stanhope as he doesn’t see himself to be the hero Raleigh believes him to be. â€Å"Without being doped with whisky – I’d go huffy with fright† Stanhope knows he has a imbibing job. â€Å"He’ll write and state her I reek of whiskey all day† Stanhope is worried that Raleigh will compose place and state his sister about him. This gives him the thought to ban Raleigh’s letters. â€Å"Dear old Uncle. insert me up† Says Stanhope to Osborne – their relationship is about father to boy at times. â€Å"You lament on gardening† Trying to speak about something else instead than war is common throughout the drama. â€Å"You don’t think i’m traveling potty? † Asks Stanhope to Osborne which once more shows how much Stanhope trusts Osborne. â€Å"D’you understand an order? Give me that missive! † Stanhope demands the missive from Raleigh as he thinks there is something about him in it. â€Å"I’m shirking with my revolver†¦going off by accident† Stanhope threatens to hit Hibbert if he deserts. â€Å"How terribly nice – if the brigadier’s pleased† sardonically after Osborne’s decease Stanhope shows small regard for those above him. â€Å"Steady. old male child. Just prevarication at that place softly for a bit† The caring side of Stanhope when Raleigh has been earnestly injured. Journey’s End EssayDuring Raleigh’s school old ages. Stanhope had been his hero. Stanhope had already won the Military Cross and had the experience of three years’ war service. one twelvemonth of which was as a company commanding officer. His repute stands high with his officers and work forces. and Raleigh hears many good remarks about Stanhope being the best company commanding officer in the battalion. Raleigh joined the company as a direct consequence of his school experience. He wanted to go on in the war the hero worship of Stanhope that he had indulged in at school. It was a natural development that the superb rugger captain and house prefect should go a glorious war hero. Osborne knew that Raleigh still saw Stanhope as a hero even though Stanhope himself could non believe or recognize it: Osborne: Small male childs at school frequently have their heroes. Stanhope: Yes. Small male childs at school do. Osborne: Often it goes on as long as-Stanhope: -as long as the hero’s a hero. Osborne: It frequently goes on all through life. After Raleigh’s reaching. Stanhope addresses merely two curt comments to him in Act One and for most of the repast Raleigh remains soundless. Therefore. there is no indicant of Raleigh’s reaction to the alteration of attitude in his former friend. Stanhope suspects what he must be experiencing and his ain desperation at cognizing that his alcoholic province will be reported Raleigh’s missive place embitters him. This is merely Stanhope’s position. nevertheless. as Osborne tells him: `You imagine things’ . The world is shown a few proceedingss subsequently when Raleigh’s missive is read out: `I’m terribly proud to believe he’s my friend’ . Osborne’s old expressed sentiment that Raleigh would travel on wishing him proved to be true: `I Journey’s End Essay 2 Journey’s End Essaybelieve Raleigh’ll travel on wishing you – and looking up to you – through everything. There’s something really deep. and instead all right. about hero-worship’ . Chumminess Hibbert’s one purpose is to acquire off from the front line every bit shortly as possible and to accomplish this he feigns illness. He prepares the land every bit shortly as he enters the dugout by declining supper. owing to `this beastly neuralgia’ . Stanhope is unimpressed and characterizes him to Osborne as `another small worm seeking to writhe home’ . The crisis is reached the undermentioned afternoon when Hibbert makes a determined attempt to describe ill before the onslaught. He emerges from his sleeping-quarters to denote his going and. despite Stanhope’s resistance. takes his battalion and stick and efforts to go forth. The confrontation between the two work forces is extremely dramatic ; Hibbert alternately shouts hysterically and pleads. and finally he strikes his commanding officer. The flood tide is reached when Stanhope threatens to hit him if he tries to go forth and Hibbert. with surprising control. faces being shot instead than traveling ba ck into the trenches. The chumminess engendered by the war is more than a mere friendly relationship ; it is a particular sort of bond partially imposed by the changeless menace of decease or mutilation: Hibbert: Do delight allow me travel Stanhope – Stanhope: If you went – and left Osborne and Trotter and Raleigh and all those work forces up at that place to make your work – could you of all time look a adult male heterosexual in the face once more – in all your life† The Horror of War Stanhope finds himself looking beyond surface world and a wont has grown on him of looking `right through things. and on and on – boulder clay I get scared and stop’ . He has esthesiss of everything traveling farther and farther off until he is the lone thing left in the existence and he finds trouble in fighting back to normalcy. The feeling had come over him merely that forenoon as he had looked across no man’s land and beyond: Journey’s End Essay 3 Journey’s End EssayStanhope: `I was looking across at the Boche trenches and right beyond – non a sound or a psyche ; merely and tremendous field. all churned up like a sea that’s got muddier boulder clay it’s so stiff that it can’t move. You could hold heard a pin bead in the quiet ; yet you new 1000s of guns were hidden at that place. all ready cleaned and oiled – 1000000s of slugs lying in pouches – 1000s of Germans. waiting and believing. Then bit by bit. the feeling came -` Trotter is to the full cognizant of their state of affairs and finds his ain manner to get by with it. Pulling one hundred and 44 circles to stand for the hours they must pass in the line and so taging them off one by one is. for him a device to command the anxiousness he portions with the others ; each circle filled in will convey the clip of alleviation nearer and nearer. We catch a glance of his deeper feelings in his conversation with Stanhope: Stanhope: `I enviousness you Trotter. Nothing disturbances you. does it? You’re ever the same. ’ Trotter: `Always the same. am I? ( He sighs ) Little you know -` He does non enlarge on this. but we are cognizant that under his carefree outside he is concealing the frights that afflict them all. Hibbert is the officer who can non take it any longer. He doesn’t want to transport on ; he wants to be out of the trenches every bit shortly as he perchance can. He owes it to `this beastly neuralgia’ . As the concluding onslaught begins. his deficiency of fiber is shown once more. He delays traveling to his station in the trenches by inquiring for some H2O and imbibing it really easy. and he is merely persuaded to go forth by the necessity to attach to Mason from the dugout. Even Hibbert will non dishonor himself in forepart of a retainer. Conflict: Stanhope and HibbertIn most dramas there is struggle: this could be a battle or battle between characters. or within an single character. It may be a physical battle. but in most instances it is a clang between characters over what they want. In Journey’s End. there is a physical struggle. in the really obvious war between the British and the Germans. Osborne is killed. off-stage. by a grenade ; and the six work forces who die with him on the foray are likely killed by machine-gun slugs. Raleigh dies onstage of a shell lesion to his dorsum. The drama ends with a shell falling on the dug-out. There is besides physical struggle when Hibbert strikes at Stanhope on page 55. Stanhope breaks the stick and prepares to hit Hibbert for striking an officer and deserting. However. there is besides struggle between characters here. Hibbert is determined to go forth the Front Line ; Stanhope is determined he stays. Conflict: Stanhope and RaleighThere is a changeless struggle between Stanhope and Raleigh. caused by Raleigh being posted to Stanhope’s company. It begins on page 18. when Stanhope considers Raleigh’s reaching to be more than a happenstance. doing him afraid of what Raleigh will believe of him and what he might compose about him to Madge. It ends movingly at the terminal of the drama when Raleigh is brought. deceasing. to Stanhope in the dug-out. One really powerful minute in this struggle starts on page 88 when Raleigh comes into the dug-out after losing the dinner on the dark of Osborne’s decease. and ends on page 91. the decision of the scene.

Critique of law and order essays

Critique of law and order essays "Law and Order" was a very well-done show about the process of hunting down and apprehending a criminal that commits the specific crime showcased at the beginning of the program. The crimes usually seem to be unusual or complicated. The plot tends to focus not only on the work of the police officers and detectives but the mental state and motives of the criminal. The show has an interesting practice of juxtaposing an emotional aspect of the situation with the bureaucratic and professional (usually conservative) viewpoint and ultimate goal. In the episode that I viewed on Sunday at nine o'clock the main characters found themselves in pursuit of a criminal who was abducting women to keep as some sort of brainwashed companion. He would sit in a park and watch people passing by . And if he happened to observe somebody that he felt would be a good candidate he would slip them a drug in their drink and take them home. After he gets them into his home he drills a hole in their skull and pours hot water onto their brain. This leaves the victim in a constant state of vulnerability(he turns them into vegetables). He would then proceed to cuddle with them. The first victim died which was not his intent, and was found in a park with her calf muscle missing. The second victim escaped and was found wandering down the same street he lived on. Shortly after the second attack he was apprehended by the main characters which, by the way, did not seem to have much of a problem catching him. This program distinguishes itself among others of the same genre by offering a much more compassionate analyzation of the crime and perpetrator than others, along with a compelling and fascinating portrayal of the process the detectives go through to get the job done. The show also takes on a much more methodical pace than others of the same elk. On the other hand, the ultimate crimes and endings are very much similar to other shows. They all se ...

Are We Too Dependent on Technology

Imagine if we were to wake up tomorrow with all electronic devices disabled. Everybody’s life would be impacted in one way or another. We would lose what has become the largest portal for communication. We would also lose countless information that has been stored on computers. There is no denying that technology is going to continue to grow; and impact every aspect of our lives. But the question is if we are becoming too reliant on something that can quickly disappear. We very well could be at risk of losing it all very soon. I will discuss what could cause this change to happen. I will also go over how I believe our dependence on technology is growing. Earth’s magnetic field protects us from most of the suns radiation and other harmful effects. However, the sun is a very powerful force that can cause sudden intense outbursts of energy that are called solar flares. If a very powerful solar flare where to strike Earth it could cause serious effects to our power grid. If we have no power grid, we have lost all of our electronic devices that we count on so much. Solar flares usually impact us the most on an eleven year cycle. The most recent time solar activity peaked was in 2001, and caused widespread radio blackouts in the pacific. The newest cycle of solar activity had begun in late 2007, a year earlier than expected. Scientists say it will peak in 2012 and be between thirty to fifty percent more intense than the one in 2001. With the next one being hypothesized as so much more intense, I believe that it’s time we have a backup plan to accommodate a life without technology. A lot of people believe that we are not too dependent on technology. I spoke to my brother; he stated we just utilize it like we would automobiles or anything else like that. There is no denying the benefits of technology, however, I believe we should not get ahead of ourselves. Over the last fifty years our civilization has changed dramatically. Communication with friends and family has become as easy as the click of the mouse. Also we have saved countless trees by using electronic mail instead of paper mail. I agree that it is in our best interest to continue to use technology in the future. However, I feel that we all should get into the mindset of having a contingency plan in case we lose it. It is hard to go anywhere now days without interacting with a computer. A lot of jobs now require that you fill out applications on the internet. It has also become crucial that you have basic computer skills to be employed in any office setting. In 1994 only 3% of public schools had internet access. In just over ten years in 2005 that number had jumped to 94% of all public schools now having internet access. (US Department of Education) This just goes to show how fast technology is really growing. I feel that we are way to acceptant of something new and need to realize the repercussions before jumping right in. So many people rely on technology in their everyday lives. It could be from using your cell phone for an alarm clock, to setting a flight plan for a commercial flight. If we were to lose all of this, I believe that we would all be left in discontent. I believe that now is the time to slow down a little bit and gain a view of where we are heading. The way that I see it technology is going to continue to grow at a rapid pace. Everybody always wants the next coolest or fastest thing on the market. If you stop to realize how much our lives have changed in the last fifteen years. You can only imagine what our daily activities will be like another fifteen years from now. I believe the one thing that will remain the same in that fifteen years will be our dependence on technology. That is unless we do realize that we need to keep our advancements in check. I believe that a new potentially life changing technology should be closely analyzed before being released to the general public. If we don’t fully realize the potential effects of a new technology, we could be faced with unexpected consequences. Although I welcome change and enjoy using new devices myself, I feel that I too would be lost if I were to lose it all. For that very reason I think that we as a civilization need to realize the potential effects if it were all gone. Are We Too Dependent on Technology Imagine if we were to wake up tomorrow with all electronic devices disabled. Everybody’s life would be impacted in one way or another. We would lose what has become the largest portal for communication. We would also lose countless information that has been stored on computers. There is no denying that technology is going to continue to grow; and impact every aspect of our lives. But the question is if we are becoming too reliant on something that can quickly disappear. We very well could be at risk of losing it all very soon. I will discuss what could cause this change to happen. I will also go over how I believe our dependence on technology is growing. Earth’s magnetic field protects us from most of the suns radiation and other harmful effects. However, the sun is a very powerful force that can cause sudden intense outbursts of energy that are called solar flares. If a very powerful solar flare where to strike Earth it could cause serious effects to our power grid. If we have no power grid, we have lost all of our electronic devices that we count on so much. Solar flares usually impact us the most on an eleven year cycle. The most recent time solar activity peaked was in 2001, and caused widespread radio blackouts in the pacific. The newest cycle of solar activity had begun in late 2007, a year earlier than expected. Scientists say it will peak in 2012 and be between thirty to fifty percent more intense than the one in 2001. With the next one being hypothesized as so much more intense, I believe that it’s time we have a backup plan to accommodate a life without technology. A lot of people believe that we are not too dependent on technology. I spoke to my brother; he stated we just utilize it like we would automobiles or anything else like that. There is no denying the benefits of technology, however, I believe we should not get ahead of ourselves. Over the last fifty years our civilization has changed dramatically. Communication with friends and family has become as easy as the click of the mouse. Also we have saved countless trees by using electronic mail instead of paper mail. I agree that it is in our best interest to continue to use technology in the future. However, I feel that we all should get into the mindset of having a contingency plan in case we lose it. It is hard to go anywhere now days without interacting with a computer. A lot of jobs now require that you fill out applications on the internet. It has also become crucial that you have basic computer skills to be employed in any office setting. In 1994 only 3% of public schools had internet access. In just over ten years in 2005 that number had jumped to 94% of all public schools now having internet access. (US Department of Education) This just goes to show how fast technology is really growing. I feel that we are way to acceptant of something new and need to realize the repercussions before jumping right in. So many people rely on technology in their everyday lives. It could be from using your cell phone for an alarm clock, to setting a flight plan for a commercial flight. If we were to lose all of this, I believe that we would all be left in discontent. I believe that now is the time to slow down a little bit and gain a view of where we are heading. The way that I see it technology is going to continue to grow at a rapid pace. Everybody always wants the next coolest or fastest thing on the market. If you stop to realize how much our lives have changed in the last fifteen years. You can only imagine what our daily activities will be like another fifteen years from now. I believe the one thing that will remain the same in that fifteen years will be our dependence on technology. That is unless we do realize that we need to keep our advancements in check. I believe that a new potentially life changing technology should be closely analyzed before being released to the general public. If we don’t fully realize the potential effects of a new technology, we could be faced with unexpected consequences. Although I welcome change and enjoy using new devices myself, I feel that I too would be lost if I were to lose it all. For that very reason I think that we as a civilization need to realize the potential effects if it were all gone.

Waitrose Business to Business analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Waitrose Business to Business analysis - Essay Example This has been achieved through transparency in the governance system through its constitution. This enables the company to remain competitive in the industry. All partners have a share in profits and in making all management decision for the firm. Though the company has fully appreciated the role of e-commerce, it has been experiencing a number of challenges recently. For instance, users confirmed that they did not like the redesigned website as it was unfriendly to the users. The pages of the website loaded slowly and that the product list was unavailable sometimes leading to frustrations (Charlton, 2011). To deal with this, the management announced that it will deal with all issues as presented by customers concerning the website on listing and speed. Conyan, M & Richard F., 2012. "John Lewis Partnership." A guide to employee ownership. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 05 May 2015]. Savvas, A., 2006. Waitrose rolls out new supply chain platform. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 05 May

Marketing Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marketing Managment - Essay Example This step of strategic planning process involves strategic thinking i.e. what the firm needs to do ten to fifteen years from now. The mission is followed by analysis, which involves environmental scan this analysis is important because a business strategy should be congruent with the capabilities of the firm and its external environment. This scan involves industry and competitive analysis, company analysis and identification of competitive strategy. For analysing the industry environment porter’s five forces model is used. The rivalry among firms identifies the extent of competiveness, strength of barriers to entry, buyer power, supplier power and the threat of substitute all are analysed and listed as a part of the industry analysis. In the company analysis the present strategy is assessed based on the performance indicator and financial analysis. A SWOT analysis is conducted identifying the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for the firm. Also PEST analysis, in volving the political, environmental, social and technological changes affecting the firm, is also conducted. Lastly identifying competitive advantage involves core competency and benchmarking. Core competence is what a firm does best and benchmarking is comparing ones products and services with that of the customer in order to add any improvement to the existing product and services. After the situation analysis is the step of goals and objectives. The goal setting and objectives formation is a crucial part of the strategic process. Goals are broad target of what is to be achieved which are then translated in to more measurable, workable, achievable and specific targets know as objectives. After this step comes the grand strategy... This paper approves that studying the industry through porter’s five forces model gives a good picture of the automotive industry. The rivalry among firms in this industry is high due to the great diversity of rivals culture, slow market growth, high fixed costs and low switching costs for the customer. The threat of substitute to this industry is low because all other transportation vehicles don’t offer the same utility, convenience and independence. The industry has high barriers to entry due to high capital requirements and the specialized nature of the industry. The power of supplier is less as compared to that of the buyer. The buyer of the automotive industry is very high. This essay makes a conclusion that the goal for Volkswagen is to bring diversity and new models to their product line. The objective is to introduce newer models like the hands free driving and bring technological advancement in their product line. The corporate strategy for this company is a combination of growth and stability. The company plans to use concentration strategy and bring new models to the same customers. Also in order to grow they will maintain their sales and grow slowly out of their declining profits. The product marketing strategy for VW is affordable price car for everyone so as to increase it market share from the existing one. The company has carried out focus group researches to identify the needs of customers and develop a price that adds value to the customer purchase as a part of VW’s value proposition.

Sociology of Humor Essay Example for Free

Sociology of Humor Essay Humor is an important part of everyday interaction. It serves mainly as a social lubricant that creates a lighter atmosphere between a speaker and an audience. Provided that it is not provoke offensive behavior, humor can be used as a first step towards building individual relationships. A more relaxed ambiance between people, in turn, is conducive to friendliness. In the sociological context, however, humor has more important functions. It allows people to express their innermost feelings and opinions without offending a given status quo. In addition, it operates as a coping mechanism by paving the way for the normalization of crises. Lastly, it is a means of transmitting group culture to new members (Drew, Mills and Gassaway, 2007). What’s So Funny? The Foundation and Dynamics of Humor Humor is the result of â€Å"(the divergence between) the conventional and the unconventional† (Macionis and Gerber, 2008). A joke is regarded as funny when its reinterpretation of a protagonist or an event sharply contrasts those of preexisting concepts and schemata (Kubovy, 2003). But the teller of the gag must be able to specifically point out this difference at the proper time (Macionis and Gerber, 2008). Otherwise, the yarn might not be able to fulfill its objective of generating humor. The listener, meanwhile, must be able to identify and understand the conflicting elucidations of a given reality in the joke that is being told to him or her. Reconciling these opposing interpretations is the only way he or she can understand the gag. Comprehending the yarn, in turn, satisfies the listener in the sense that he or she receives an â€Å"insider† status (Macionis and Gerber, 2008). He or she establishes rapport with both the teller of the joke and all the other people who understand it as well. It must be noted, however, that a funny joke is entirely different from a demeaning one. Humiliating jokes in general are thinly disguised statements of intolerance against other races, ethic backgrounds, religions, the opposite gender and or individuals of different sexual orientations (Voors, 2000). These gags convey their message of hatred usually by perpetuating negative stereotypes about parties that are deemed to be different. Below are some examples of demeaning jokes: a. Question: What is the difference between a Jew and a meat pie? Answer: A meat pie does not scream when it is put in the oven. b. Question: Why is a woman’s pussy like a warm toilet seat? Answer: They both feel good, but you wonder who was there before you. c. Question: What is the difference between a Catholic priest and acne? Answer: Acne does not come on a boy’s face until he is 12 years old. The Functions of Humor It would be fair to say that humor operates as a â€Å"safety valve† in human interactions (Macionis and Gerber, 2008). Even the most taboo subjects become discussable when jokes are made about them. Its desensitizing ability likewise allows humor to become a non-threatening means of understanding the culture of a given society. Gags, after all, can express sentiments that might be dangerous to relationships within a certain society when discussed seriously. Satire: Humor as a Cynical Commentary on Society Satire is one of the most popular forms of humor. Its fame stems largely from the fact that it can ridicule the cruelest tyrants without the danger of retaliation. The Zairians, for instance, came up with the following joke to criticize the incompetent, corrupt and repressive regime of their former leader Mobutu Sese Seko: Get yourself a leopard hat like the late Zairian President Mobutu wore, as Africans believe that their leaders are untamed lions, tigers or leopards. (p. 29) By turning social issues such as political scandals and state repression of mass media into objects of comedy, the satirical pun also succeeds in convincing apolitical groups to ponder about the real state of their nation. Indeed, in the context of satire, euphemism and laughter are the most effective means of unveiling inconvenient truths. People, after all, will not react negatively to a joke unless they have something to hide. Don’t Worry, Be Happy Humor is likewise an effective method of stabilizing predicaments. Jokes that focus on particular professions validate this observation. The gag below pokes fun at how law enforcers deal with hardened criminals: A local policeman had just finished his shift one cold November evening and was at home with his wife. â€Å"You just wont believe what happened this evening, in all my years on the force Ive never seen anything like it.† â€Å"Oh yes dear, what happened?† â€Å"I came across two guys down by the canal, one of them was drinking battery acid and the other was eating fireworks.† â€Å"Drinking battery acid and eating fireworks! What did you do with them?† â€Å"Oh that was easy, I charged one and let the other off.† (n. pag.) It is very obvious that being a cop is a very dangerous job. Most criminals that cops come across with will not hesitate to use violence just to be able to escape arrest. Getting injured or killed in the line of duty is already a fact of life for a law enforcer. Humor, therefore, allows cops to share common experiences and raise job-related concerns that might not be expressed properly in a more somber setting. In the process, group solidarity is promoted – they are able to share a communal relationship by laughing at each other without malice. Furthermore, they get the assurance that they are not alone in their work-related dilemmas (Drew, Mills and Gassaway, 2007). A Funny Welcome Jokes that tackle the norms of a society can actually provide valuable insights on its culture. Norms, after all, reflect what a community considers to be right and wrong. Readers can learn a thing or two about Russian norms and culture in the following joke: The math teacher calls Petya up to the blackboard. â€Å"Imagine that your father has borrowed a hundred rubles from a neighbor,† says the teacher, â€Å"and has promised to give the money back in two weeks. The first week he gives back forty rubles. How much would he give back the second week?† â€Å"None at all,† replies Petya. â€Å"What do you mean, ‘none at all’?† the teacher asks, surprised. â€Å"You werent listening properly. Let me repeat: imagine that your father has borrowed a hundred rubles and promised to repay the money in two weeks. The first week he gives back forty rubles. How much would he give back the second week?† â€Å"None at all!† repeats Petya. â€Å"Oh, Petya,† the teacher is annoyed. â€Å"You dont know the simplest arithmetic!† â€Å"And you dont know my father†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (n. pag.) This gag reveals the communal nature of Russian culture. Centuries of agricultural village life and decades of communist rule instilled in Russians the collective mentality. They are therefore bound by tradition to help one another without expecting anything in return. In Russian culture, in fact, being asked by someone to do a favor for him or her is an indicator that you have a close relationship with him or her. For the Russians, being asked to do a favor for others is a sign of dependability and trustworthiness (Kwintessential, n.d.). Conclusion Humor is more than just a social lubricant that creates a lighter atmosphere between a speaker and an audience. It likewise serves as a venue for people to discuss important concerns in a non-threatening manner. By laughing at each other and at their problems without ill intent, they are able to instill among themselves a sense of unity. Even by just making fun of their predicaments, they are already exerting a collective effort to do something about these. But while laughing at grave matters is good, it is still much better to actually solve them. After the amusement has died down, the hungry still has to be fed, the sick still has to be treated and the criminals have to be made to face their crimes. When people live in a safe and just society, they are happy because really feel so and not because they just want to run away from their problems. In the process, their laughter would be merrier and more genuine.

Of Mice & Men :: essays research papers

Warren French writes, â€Å"The world just hasn’t been made right, so that dreams are the only things that can keep men going.† Agree or disagree with this statement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I remember a time in my life when I would always play with little children. At that point, at the age of six or seven, I decided to become a pediatrician or a kindergarten teacher. When I started high school, I started feeling stressed out because of the pressure that I was doing to myself to reach my goal of becoming a pediatrician. I could hardly focus on the topic we would have during class because I would be thinking about my future as a pediatrician. With the help of my friends, they helped me overcome the obstacles that I had. The more I thought about what profession I wanted to be, I thought about how much I loved working and dealing with computers. My friends and cousins told me that I should and can be what ever I wanted, and that helped me decide to major in computer engineering at San Jose State University. So you see when it comes down to life, dreams are not the only thing that can keep men going, friendships, pets and companionships can do the same.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the novel Of Mice and Men Lennie, George, and Candy demonstrate and prove that dreams are only one of the things that can keep men going. â€Å"Lennie, for God sakes don’t drink so much†¦.You gonna be sick like you was last night†¦.I ain’t sure its good water. Looks kinda scummy.† (page 3). George is so concerned with Lennie that he tells him to be careful of what he drinks because he does not know if it is good or contaminated. He tells him that so Lennie will not get sick and so that they can save up for their dream house.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I want you to stay with me, Lennie. Jesus Christ, somebody’d shoot you for a coyote if you was by yourself. No, you stay with me. Your Aunt Clara wouldn’t like you running off by yourself, even if she was dead.† (page 13). After Lennie and George fight over the dead mouse, Lennie tells him that George would be better off if Lennie went to the mountains to live in a cave. George doesn’t let him. He tells him that he wants him to stay because not only did George somewhat promise Lennie’s dead Aunt Clara that he would take care of him, but he also learned how to live and adjust with the fact that Lennie has kind of a childish mind.

Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov Biography

Lenins political finesse, his understanding of the strength of the peasantry and his rewriting of the communist thought are the characteristics which made Lenin one of the greatest leaders of Russia. Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov, was born on April 22, 1870, in Simbirsk, on the bank of the Volga river. Ilya Nikolayevich Ulyanov, a man with high cheek bones, a dark complexion and dark brown eyes, all of which Lenin inherited, was Lenins father, and was the director of schools in Simbirsk province. Lenins mother, Maria Aleksandrovna Blank, was a woman who was very devoted to her six children who all eventually became evolutionaries, except for one who died before she could follow her siblings. Lenin overall had a good childhood. He liked to play chess, swim, hike, and hunt. Although Lenin had no close friends, he did look up to his brother, Alexander, a great deal. When Lenin entered school in 1879, at the age of 9 he became a brilliant student and this was acclaimed to a teacher who came into the Ulyanov home before Lenin could enter school, and taught him to read by the age of five. During Vladimirs young years Russia was quite quiet, although not for him. In 1886 Lenins father died and in 1887 his rother Alexander, whom Lenin looked up to, was involved in an unsuccessful plot to kill the czar and was hanged for doing so. The death of Alexander came as a great blow to Lenin. About his brothers death Lenin simply said â€Å"Ill make them pay for this! I swear it! † The same year his brother was hanged, Lenin finished school at the age of 17 and received a gold medal for excellence in studies. During the fall of that year Lenin was admitted to Kazan University to study law there. Three months after Lenin had settled in Kazan he was expelled from the University for joining in a student meeting protesting the ack of freedom the students were given in the school. Over the next three years Lenin tried many more times to regain admission to the university, but was unsuccessful on all attempts, until 1890 when he tried to gain acceptance to St. Petersburg University. He was admitted as a student but he was not, however, permitted to attend classes, though he would be permitted to take the examinations after studying on his own. In 1891 after studying on his own and taking the final examinations Lenin received a law degree from St. Petersburg University and united with a law firm in Samara. While still in university Lenin was introduced to the works of Karl Marx, Marx being a major contributor to the Communist Philosophy. In early 1893 Lenin became part of the Social Democratic band, a Marxist establishment. In the latter part of that year Lenin reallocated to St. Petersburg and got a start on his revolutionary career. While in St. Petersburg Lenin found that the quality of leadership came to him easily and he quickly became the leader of a Social Democrat group. Lenin came across as a bright intelligent man. All of Lenins written work was very precise, intensely specific, and crystal clear. In 1897 Lenin was banished to Siberia, after being held for questioning for more than a year, after he was caught by the Czars Secret Police while preparing a revolutionary newspaper, The Cause, in December of 1895. During Lenins interval in Siberia he married Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya. As banishment to Siberia did not mean confinement and Lenin took advantage of his freedom by carrying on his propagandist writings and also wrote one of his more dominant accomplishments, The Development of Capitalism In Russia (1899). During the span of 1898, while Lenin was in expulsion from Russia, a collection of concealed Russian Marxist groups allied to form the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. In the ensuing period following Lenins Siberian expulsion, January 1900, he received authorization to leave the country and go to Germany to assist with the founding of the parties newspaper, The Spark, of which the first issue appeared on December 24, 1900. In 1902 Lenin wrote a pamphlet called â€Å"What Is To Be Done† and from this pamphlet came the base of what is called Leninism. The following year the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party broke into two separate, equal, collectives over a ontention about party membership. Lenin became the leader of the Bolsheviks, which translates to â€Å"The Majority†, which suggested that his group was larger. The Bolsheviks desired that membership to their party be confined to a small member of full-time revolutionaries. The other group, The Mensheviks, which translates to The Minority, desired that party membership be less restrictive and did not prefer a dictatorship, as the Bolsheviks did, but rather to practice more democratically. Just as all this was taking place a vitality of insurrection was taking place across Russia fronting the Czar Nicholas II. The Russian people wanted land, higher wages, and increased political rights including a legislation. Included in these revolts was an incident called â€Å"Bloody Sunday† which happened when an Orthodox Priest led a march of â€Å"peaceful† peasants to the home of the Czar, on Sunday January 22, 1905. When they reached the palace the Czars head man panicked at the sight of the many people and had his troops fire on the defenseless crowd, slaying and damaging hundreds. By the fall of 1905 a full strike of nearly all workers stupefied the country compelling the Czar to give the people a Duma, which is a ower level Parliament. By the end of 1905 mammoth strikes commenced and was followed by a brimming revolution to which the Czar quickly put a stop to. After this Lenin found it quite arduous to proceed with revolutionary actions in Russia and exhausted most of his time from 1906 until 1908 publishing radical leaflets and attending party congress in England, Germany and Sweden, chiefly with the intentions of keeping the party together, but also to expand the distance between the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks alleging that the Mensheviks did not want revolution. On August 1, 1914 Germany declared war on Russia and World War I commenced. As Lenin was in Austria at that time, the Austrian government arranged for Lenin to be transported to Switzerland who did not participate in the war. It has been noted that many extremists desired a victory for Russia, but it has also been noted that others wanted peace lacking a victory for any one country, but a victory of peace for all involved. Lenin, however, desired that his country suffer a defeat, and that would bring about revolution in the country. During the war Lenin and his cause were aided financially by the German government, by performing this the Germans felt that they were eroding the Russian war endeavor. By this time most of Lenins supporters had deserted him, indicating as their more popular reasons that Lenin was using assets intended for the assemblage for himself, and that his apparent seizure of power was unwilful by some. This period in Lenins career was suggested by Krupskaya, his wife, as the loneliest point in Lenins career, and as a time when Lenin would transfigure his passions into a surely revolutionary conclusion. It had been three years since the start of the war and the countries were still attling, Russia had lost many of her battles and the country was in annoyance. Food shortages were occurring all across the country, mainly in the cities, but bread was especially shortly yielded. In early February 1917 bread was nowhere to be found in Petrograd and immense lines aside the bread shops collected and the tensions increased. By the end of the first quarter of February approximately two hundred thousand workers were on strike and demonstrating in the capital. On the fifteenth day of March nineteen- seventeen, the Czar Nicholas II, gave up his throne and also gave up the throne or his son. This left the throne to the Nicholass brother who did not want the throne, thus ending three hundred years of autocratic rule. With no one in power of the country a democratic provisional government was formed. For a duration the governing power was shared by the provisional government with the Petrograd Soviet, but before long the Bolsheviks, although very unorganized demanded that all ability be granted to the soviets. At the present time Lenin was still in Switzerland and was pondering a way to return to Russia. The German government was willing to allow Lenin passage through Germany, by way of rail. The only thing the German government was, however, worried about during Lenins trek was of him agitating the German workers. Because of this the German government had Lenin ride in a single sealed train car that was deemed, for the duration of his trip, Russian territory. On the sixteenth day of April nineteen seventeen Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov returned to Russia landing in Petrograd and receiving a welcome fit for a hero. After arriving in Petrograd Lenin abruptly took back control of the Bolsheviks and ordered the overthrow of the provisional government. Lenin was unable to take control of the provisional and upon the reorganization of it, Alexander Kernsky took control and decreed Lenins arrest on the account that he was a German agent, and Lenin quickly fled to Finland. The rest of the Bolsheviks also quickly dispersed or were taken into custody. After living in Finland for about three months, during this time writing The State and Revolution, which was considered to be one of the most important of his labors in which he described how to come about power by way of revolution, Lenin returned to Russia, October 1917, as he felt it was necessary to bring about the revolution. Upon Lenins arrival in Petrograd he strongly recommended to the Bolshevik Central Committee to take advantage of Kerenskys weak government. The Central Committee decided to take action while they had the chance. The Bolshevik president of the Petrograd Soviet, Leon Trotsky, managed to gain control of some government troops and some Naval crews who supported the uprising, and then with minute amount of brutality the Bolsheviks captured Petrograd on October twenty fifth, nineteen seventeen. The Bolsheviks now only had one more thing to do before they were to hold all power of the government, capture Moscow. The capturing of Moscow proved to be more difficult and rougher, but at any rate Moscow was seized and the Bolsheviks had taken power. November 8, 1917 was the day that the Second All-Russian Congress opened with representatives from all across the country in attendance. At the meeting of the congress, which was controlled by the Bolsheviks, Lenin was appointed chairman of The Council of Peoples Commissars, and therefore he became head of the new Russian State. When Lenin ade his first appearance before the congress he asked to be allowed to ask Germany for a three month truce, and for the eradication of private land ownership, both of these requests were authorized. Soon after Lenin took control he found himself in a battle to stay in control, as the Red Army had broken apart, German forces were advancing deeper and deeper into Russia, and also other opposing forces were gathering large groups in parts of Russia. Lenin believed that if the Bolsheviks were to stay in power then the war with Germany would have to come to an end soon and at any cost. It was the third day of March 1918 when the battles between Russia and Germany ended with the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. This treaty made it obligatory for Russia to give up a lot of land, which in effect hurt her, until the end of World War I when Germany lost and the treaty became void. In order to put his government further away from German power, in the territory that Russia gave up, Lenin moved the countrys capital to Moscow from Petrograd. In December of 1917 Lenin brought into existence the Cheka, which was a political police force setup to se extreme force to control anyone with an opinion that differed from that of the Bolsheviks. Most of the people that the Cheka arrested were imprisoned, murdered, or sent to the Gulag, which was a system of prison labor camps where most died. In 1918 Lenin suggested to the Bolshevik Central Committee that they change the name of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party to the Russian Communist Party and this was done. In July 1918, for fear of the former Czar making an uprising, the Bolsheviks had the Czar and his entire family, including servants, slayed. About a month after the Czar was killed, Lenin as at a factory giving a speech to the employees and he was shot twice by Dora Kaplan, who was a member of a Socialist Revolutionary Party. After quickly recovering from the bullets Lenin had Dora Kaplan executed and to set an example for others he had hundreds of others executed, claiming they were hostages. The revolution was like a speeding locomotive in the cites, but was slower to catch on in the more remote parts of the country and in these parts of the country resistance was becoming a major problem and civil war was breaking out. The two enemies in the war ere the Red Army, which Lenin had created in January 1918 and named after the color of the world Communist movement, and opposing them were the whites, who were for the most part democrats, Russian Nationalists and those who opposed change in any form. The Whites had a major problem though, this problem was that they lacked any organization. The Bolsheviks easily won this civil war by 1920, although not untouched. By the end of this war the Russian economy was in shambles and millions of Russians had left to go afar, or died. But yet still the Communist government survived. Although Lenin had successfully taken control of Russia he had not yet accomplished his true goal that he had set out to achieve many years before, which was the goal of a Communist world revolution. In 1921, in a radical attempt to regain control of his country, Lenin instituted a program called the New Economic Policy. This policy replaced a lot of the measures that were put in place when the Bolsheviks took power, it allowed small businesses to continue to operate, peasants to sell food to private customers, free trade was reinstated, and foreign business was invited to invest in Russia. By this time Lenins health had also started to suffer from the stress, among various other things. Although foreign nations were invited to invest in Russia few did and by this time, also, no major country still held diplomatic relations with Russia. In the month of May in 1922 Lenins health took a turn for the worse and he endured a stroke. Lenin then, opposing his doctors advice, kept on working. It was the December of 1922 that Lenin suffered his second stroke and that same month the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was established by the Bolshevik government. On March 9, 1923 Lenin suffered from a third stoke and his ability to speak clearly was impaired. Less than a year later, on January 21, 1924, Lenin died of a brain hemorrhage, thus ending his rein of power. Lenin used the strength of the peasantry in revolution by appeasing some of their demands, such as implementing the New Economic Policy. The masses supported Lenins beliefs and showed their unrest in ways such as striking. Lenin also utilized his fellow politicians in his bid to accomplish the first part of his goal, to bring communism to Russia, y finessing them into his turn of mind via his personal fervor and his writings. Lenins vision of communism included bringing theories into practice. He also brought widely varied classes of people to his conclusions. Thus by using any and every means possible, Lenin brought communism to Russia, although it took far longer that he expected and he died before reaching his ultimate goal of World Communism. Whether or not communism is or was beneficial to a society, Lenin was a great leader in as much as he reshaped an entire country and its ideals.

Marx and Weber within Religion

Marx and Durkheim jointly cover the nucleus of the sociological thought on various issues. They encompass the major issues within the sociological tradition. Religion remained their favorite sociological subject and their have speculated over the issue in the modern sociological context. Marxian reflection on the sociology of religion is very limited whereas Durkheim has contributed largely on the philosophical and sociological issues pertaining to religion.   Marx is considered as an avant-garde sociologist on the concept of religion. Being influenced by Hegel's philosophy, Marx considers religion is a manifestation of â€Å"material realities and economic injustice†. Therefore, he labels problems in religion are eventually ultimate social problems. Most of the Marxian thought on the sociological aspects of religion is reflected in the quite a few opening paragraphs of his â€Å"Contribution to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right: Introduction.† These are the same passages that include his widely quoted pronouncement on religion, that â€Å"it is the opium of the people.† Nevertheless, this statement by Marx can not be taken as demonstration of Marxian religious view. It is often misquoted devoid of its context. Marx’s starts his essay â€Å"Contribution to a Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right† with such words; â€Å"For Germany the criticism of religion is in the main complete, and criticism of religion is the premise of all criticism.† (Marx 1964B: 43) This raises the concerns why Marx has pronounced religious criticism as the essential element of all criticisms. The basic factor that compelled Marx to declare religious criticism as the basic form was the magnitude of significance that religion holds in the lives of humans. Now the question arises why Marx has declared the criticism of religion as he basic of all criticisms. John Macmurrary considers that it was the acknowledgement of historical judgment on the part of Marx. It was an illustration of his understanding on the social function of religion. He says in this regard; By criticism, in this phrase, we must be careful to understand what Marx understood by it, not the blank denial of religion, but the historical understanding of its necessity and function in society, which leads to its dialectical negation when its function is completed. Marx meant that the understanding of religion was the key to the understanding of social history. (Macmurrary 1935: 219) Mckown reinforces the same understanding like Mcmurray that Marx deems religion as a useful social tool and this thinking developed as profound analysis of social history pertaining to religion. But Mckown further emphasizes that this statement has too much generalization. (Mckown, 1975. p.46) Marx further asserts that religion is the production of social evolution and its serves society and state in several ways.   He does not eulogize religion but consider it of vital importance for layman as it enriches their lives with sense of worth. He says in this regards; Religion is, indeed, the self-consciousness and self-esteem of man who has either not yet won through to himself, or has already lost himself again. But man is no abstract being squatting outside the world. Man is the world of man—state, society. This state and this society produce religion, which is an inverted consciousness of the world, because they are an inverted world. Religion is the general theory of this world, its encyclopedic compendium, its logic in popular form, its spiritual point d'honneur, its enthusiasm, its moral sanction, its solemn complement, and its universal basis of consolation and justification. It is the fantastic realization of the human essence since the human essence has not acquired any true reality. The struggle against religion is, therefore, indirectly the struggle against that world whose spiritual aroma is religion. (Marx, 1964) Appraisal of religion is primary as religion creates the inverted delusions that the religion world i.e life hereafter, deities etc. is factual and that the material world is a shadow of that real life. So in his criticism of â€Å"religion†, he hit any religion that capsizes the physical world from being the primary reality. As an acquittal from his explicit attack on, Marx lessens his negative perception by evaluating the foundational purpose of religion in this way; â€Å"Religious suffering is at the same time an expression of real suffering and a protest against real suffering. Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the sentiment of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people.† Marx’s religious viewpoint is not sympathetic toward religion and he does not consider it an extra-human phenomenon. But he is of the view hat religion is a product of society in order to provide solace to the distressed people. It was the mechanization of the poor to create an illusory world for themselves to create an escape from harsh realities of life. So he thinks that abolition of religion is necessary to eradicate the illusory world and create an environment for their real happiness. He says that religion is not a malady in itself but it is the indication and the remedy (simultaneously) of that malady i.e. religion is an expression and solution to a more fundamental happiness. So Marxian assertions about religion are not negative as they are often understood and interpreted. It manifests that Marx has a â€Å"partial validation of religion† until a suitable economic system does not remove the causes that created it. Marxian idea of religion derives its strength from his idea of â€Å"alienation†. He think hat it was â€Å"alienation† [1] that dehumanize the individuals and religious opium comes as a minimum resistance by the exploited people that provides illusory hope against the real exploitation. Another Marxian critic, Norman Birnbaum (1969), interpret this phenomenon in his way, to Marx, â€Å"religion is a spiritual response to a condition of alienation.† (p.126) Illustrating the ultimate and real purpose of religion (contrary to the view of the commom folk), he further exaplin Marxian view; â€Å"Religion was conceived to be a powerful conservative force that served to perpetuate the domination of one social class at the expense of others.† (Ibid 127).† So this a cause and effect phenomenon as this illusory hope of common and exploited folk further distoirts the socio-economic condition and in this way self-alienation of individual oincreases with more reliance on religion. Raines[2] sums up the Marxian sociology of religion in this way; â€Å"Like the Hebrew prophets of old, Marx knew that to speak of social justice we must become socially self-critical, and that means becoming critical of the ruling powers—whether they be kings or priests or investment bankers†¦. For Marx, all ideas are relative to the social location and interests of their production. And like the prophets before him, the most revealing perspective is not from the top down or the center outward, but the†¦point of view of the exploited and marginalized. Suffering can see through and unveil official explanations; it can cry out and protest against the arrogance of power.† (Raines) To Durkheim, religion was a social phenomenon that originates directly from the social needs of a society but he considers it an essential regulating force that shapes and determines the consciousness of a society. But its most important purpose is social cohesion. A close analysis of history by Durkheim[3] reflected that religion is a valid and vital force that binds the individuals and societies together.   Describing Durkheim motives o study religion on a broader level, Lewis Coser write in his monumental work â€Å"Maters of Sociological Thought†; Durkheim's earlier concern with social regulation was in the main focused on the more external forces of control, more particularly legal regulations that can be studied, so he argued, in the law books and without regard to individuals. Later he was led to consider forces of control that were internalized in individual consciousness. Being convinced that â€Å"society has to be present within the individual,† Durkheim, following the logic of his own theory, was led to the study of religion, one of the forces that created within individuals a sense of moral obligation to adhere to society's demands. (Coser, 1977. p. 136) Durkheim main concern was trace down the social origin of religion. the sociological interpretaion of religion. Fot this purpose, he tried to comprehend the basic forms of social religions. He   illustrated that Australian Toteism is the most rudimentary form of a religion. He considers that it was the basic social necessity of the social entity that compelled that group to devise a religious activity. Further explaining the social origin of religion, Durkhein says that religion is an epitome of social cohesion. To Durkheim, society was not a mere collection of individual but is has other internal and external dimensions. Internally, it is the substantial device that moulds our beliefs and attitudes while on the external horizon, it exerts and maintains pressures from the society to facilitate conformity to the above-mentioned collective beliefs and attitudes. For these two purposes, it devised the religious activity. He thought that the absolute purpose of religion is to enable people to show a willingness put their invidual interests and personal propensities and to put interests of society ahead of their own. So it capaciates the people to get ready for a cohesive social life. Ultimately, if individuals want to be happy, so they must regulate their individual needs and aspirations and their propensities must be confined into limits. This regulatory role must thus be executed by an external agency superior to the individual i.e. by society. Both these feature of social facts explains clearly that society is an independent entity that works for the collective benefits and dies not surrender to individual proclivities and requirements. Religion acts as social tool for this regulatory role of society. Religion internalizes that regulatory process and individuals act on that as an obligation. Durkheim consider religion as â€Å"society divinised† because religion only acts in the social domain. Durkheim observes god of divine manifestations of it as society itself. He takes god in the functional perspective and attributes functional traits to god and further links these characteristics to social phenomenon. For example, he says that â€Å"god is first of all a being that man conceives of as superior to himself in some respects and one on whom he believes he depends. †¦ Society also fosters in us the sense of perpetual dependence. †¦ Society requires us to make ourselves its servants, forgetful of our own interests†. (Elementary Forms for Religious Life, p. 208-209). Durkheim deems religion as â€Å"a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things, that is to say, things set apart and forbidden—beliefs and practices which unite into one single moral community called a Church, all those who adhere to them† (Elementary Forms for Religious Life, p. 47). He makes an important distinction in religious domain that is based on the separation of human experiences i.e. profane and the Sacred. Profane is the dominion of mundane life experiences i.e. routine work, daily life activities etc. This sphere has an ultimate utilitarian approach. The sacred realm constitutes of no-mundane experiences that includes he recognition of a non-empirical authority and non-utilitarian activities.   He says in this regard; A society whose members are united by the fact that they think in the same way in regard to the sacred world and its relations with the profane world, and by the fact that they translate these common ideas to common practices, is what is called a Church. In all history, we do not find a single religion without a Church. (Elementary Forms for Religious Life, p. 44) So a superior fusion of profane and sacred life makes the social cohesion that is necessary to put the civilization on the path of progress and prosperity. He describes the social association as an incarnation of relation between individuals and divinity. Coser says in this regard; â€Å"Religion is eminently social: it occurs in a social context, and, more importantly, when men celebrate sacred things, they unwittingly celebrate the power of their society. This power so transcends their own existence that they have to give it sacred significance in order to visualize it. (Coser, 1977. p. 136) Durkheim does not support Comte’s assertion that humans must endeavor to create a new â€Å"humanitarian cult† based on the rational principles. Durkheim like Marx does not suggest an abrupt ending to religion but reinforces the Marxian that it should work until an appropriate alternative does not replace this vital sociological tool. He says in this regard, â€Å"We must discover the rational substitutes for these religious notions that for a long time have served as the vehicle for the most essential moral ideas.† (Moral Education, 1961. p.9) Coser sums up the religions ultimate function as described by Durkhein, in this way; Finally, religion has a euphoric function in that it serves to counteract feelings of frustration and loss of faith and certitude by reestablishing the believers' sense of well-being, their sense of the essential rightness of the moral world of which they are a part. By countering the sense of loss, which, as in the case of death, may be experienced on both the individual and the collective level, religion helps to reestablish the balance of private and public confidence. (Coser, 1976. p.139) So Both Marx and Durkheim consider religion important social tools that give purpose and meaning to the human life.[4] Both consider the values of world religions i.e. intrinsic value and dignity of human perspective an important element but Marx views it as a toll of the oppressor to perpetuate its practices and to provide a fictitious idealism of human dignity to the common folk.   However both consider institution of religion as an imperative social necessity hitherto. References Bellah, Robert. â€Å"Durkheim and History.† American Sociological Review 24 (1959): 447- 61. Chiodi, P. Sartre and Marxism. Harvester Press Ltd. 1976. Coser, Lewis A. Masters of Sociological Thought: Ideas in Historical and Social Context, 2nd Ed., Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. 1977. Emile Durkheim, Moral Education. New York; The Free Press.1961. Emile Durkheim, The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. New York; The Free Press, 1954. Macmurrary, John. The Early Development of Marx’s thought in Christianity and The Social Revolution. Ed. John Lewis;  Karl Polanyi;  Donald K Kitchin. London, Gollancz, 1935. Mckown, Delos Banning. The classical Marxist critiques of religion: Marx, Engels, Lenin, Kautsky. The Hague : Martinus Nijhoff, 1975. Marx. Karl. Introduction to a Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right. 1844 Pickering, W. S. F. Durkheim's Sociology of Religion: Themes and Theories. London: Routledge & K. Paul. 1984. Raines, John. Marx on Religion. Philadelphia : Temple University Press, 2002. [1] Chiodi, the famous Marxian critic, Has defined Marx concept of alienation in these words; â€Å" It is the negative process by which a subject makes himself other than himself by virtue of a constraint which is capable of being removed on the initiative of the subject himself. â€Å" (Chiodi, 1976. p.80) [2] John Raines is Professor of Religion at Temple University. [3] Most of the Durkheim’s critics regards his findings as theoretical and ahistorical contemplations but Bellah is of the view that â€Å"Almost all of [Durkheim's] own researches draw heavily from historical and ethnological sources and are in fact organized in an historical framework† (p.  448). [4] Durkheim considers it the ultimate function whereas Marx labels it as inverted and pretended reality.

What are the Marketing Strategies The WritePass Journal

What are the Marketing Strategies What are the Marketing Strategies What is Marketing?Segmentation of Market:Balance Scorecard:Marketing Mix:Marketing Strategies:Porter, a simple strategy:Innovation strategy:Strategic Models:1-Market Drivers:2. Awareness of brand valuation:3. Dare the efficient market hypothesis:4. The investor sector treats as customer:5. Analyzing the analysts:Related What is Marketing? The supply of products and services of high quality is the relationship between the company and its customers to use management as a marketing tool. Consumer products and services of the Organization of force and focus on quality and a different style depending on product type and product promotion and marketing of products / services for visitors and a strategic plan based on planning. Segmentation of Market: Retail marketing strategy for each of the areas, and create an organization based on the quality it provides. This requires an understanding of customer needs in each region, so the product quality improvement and service sector development needs to be able to deal with the organization. Strategies of marketing of various techniques and strategies to overcome the competitors planning. Balance Scorecard: Balance scorecard has a huge used of management to assess the overall performance and to check the three key areas; the first one is customer retention rate, on the other hand, satisfaction of user and finally profitability share. Marketing Mix: The marketing mix indicates that most of the focus on the promotion of education and distribution of products, promotion, however. Thus, can the relative influence of these studies do not provide insight into mouth marketing and risk of suffering a variable? The variable bias firm cannot be linked to strategy matter. At the level of relevant personal interview with Iran Research on various consumer packaged goods managers Companies focus on the coverage of similar relax in the field of research and advertising industry. The director on whether the interest in trust, this means that the product is the original error distribution performance played a big brand. Accordingly to the question, How can impact of brand marketing mix fairly for long time? It was a high priority to research Marketing Science 1988 (for example, marketing in the company after Science Institute, 2008). One reason of this question was around for a long time. There is a need to respond to this combination extensive data and method that can be measuring the effects on long-term deal with the ordinary experimental modelling challenges. Marketing Strategies: Marketing strategies work as the mainstay of the market to fill the needs of the market and marketing plans designed to reach the goals. Plans and objectives are usually measured by test results Overall, the plan multi-year marketing strategy as a strategy based on specific steps to complete the current year plan with the details.  Time horizon, according to a marketing plan vary from one company, by industry, and the United Nations, however, the time horizon over climate change and the speed is small Marketing strategies and a dynamic and modern.  Bush plans to partially random and partially. Marketing strategy of internal and external environment shows the summary of SWOT analysis survey. Internal environmental factors are use in the marketing mix, as well as performance analysis and include reduction strategy. Environmental externalities and analysis of customers, competition, and target market analysis with the analysis of technological, economic, cultural or political / legal environment impact is likely to succeed, including a set of elements. An important part of marketing strategy in many cases is the companys mission statement to keep in line with the mass marketing. Once you have an integrated environment, and develop a strategic action plan to identify options, the aim of the challenge, the maximum of the marketing mix to achieve these goals, and are evaluated in detail the construction process can scan. To develop a strategy for marketing and development, the final step in a series of contingency plans in case of problems that arise in this process to monitor the project. Marketing can develop a strategy unique work and one disagrees about. However, a common strategy aimed at a number of ways. Schemes listed below and a brief description of the most common classification. Strategy always based on market position in the chart, and classified companies in market share, or the basis of the dominance of the industry. There are usually four types of strategy to dominate the market. ï‚ §Leader ï‚ §Challenger ï‚ §Follower Porter, a simple strategy: It is use as the strategic capabilities and strategic dimension of strategic power. Scope of the strategy refers to the market penetration while strategic strength refers to a strong competitive advantage sustainable. Common strategic framework (Porter 1984) with two ranges of alternative includes two alternatives. This is the difference between the low-cost leadership focus and dimension and wide or narrow is with all of them. ï‚ §Product differentiation: ï‚ §Cost leadership: ï‚ §Market segmentation: Innovation strategy: New product development and innovation business model that deals with the rate of the company. Ask that whether of the company was on the cutting edge of technology and business innovation. Strategic Models: Most of the participant’s arkytng models marketing strategy and the tools necessary to analyze the employees decision. Begins with strategic analysis, strategic environment can be used to achieve a comprehensive understanding. As off Matrix and the one often mix the marketing strategy used to identify sites of expression. It can be used to explain the marketing strategy 4ps for planning ahead. Many companies, particularly in the area of consumer goods package (CPG) market that the buyer business customers and retailer focused on the need to adopt principles of operation. The marketing departments of these download time consumer spending in the targeted categories, buyers and retail partners and relevant ideas (both thinking and behaviour) identified by the search for growth opportunities. The development of opportunities and changes in market trends, and emerging the changing, dynamics of the region challenges. The 4ps can be used to check the defined strategy of the company. Internal team is also marketing the brand or operational business development opportunities and strategies so that the potential for new products or by request can include services and the beneficiaries to start preparing for the same priority can be changed 7Ps. The managers always use the method of perception and experience to handle and exclusive situations in their day to day business. A consumer who uses the osmosis knowledge can easily judge the marketing employed. The main purpose of the marketing budget is to focus to enhance the value of the firm, but on the other side of this concept is the stock price usually fluctuates. This stock price fluctuation is the result of increase in financial revenue. Due to the above measurements marketing expenditure can affect the marketing investment in a long term. The market base asset depends upon the market action to market place outcomes, which can attain from the exploring relationships. To explore and define these issues, a small group introduce a five key elements areas. 1-Market Drivers: It defines that to get information regarding stock price of main customers, brand and marketing assessment? How can you define the relationship of short-range versus long-run group performance? The market based elements should be on the both sides. 2. Awareness of brand valuation: There is different methodologies use for the valuation of brand but still it’s questionable that wither the brand has ability to capture the market share or it faces the negative response. The brand directly affects the level of each activity such as cash flows, risk elements, growth and cost of risk capital. 3. Dare the efficient market hypothesis: It is being observe that the market base on the assumptions and strategies which focus mainly on the segmentation and differentiation which all cause the market imperfect. The results of all the above activities can be judge through the positive results inform of retention of customers and positive stock returns etc. 4. The investor sector treats as customer: While communicate the investor community it’s important to evaluate that the right community is being address. The major focus should be on the activities that the companies present themselves in a way so that they can get the major share of the investor’s market. 5. Analyzing the analysts: The recommendation of an analyst will be suitable for the business organisation in order to brand equity and the most important that the analyst closely observe the market events or not because it directly effects the prices of a products. A firm worth can be measured by analysis of its cash flows as well as growth and risk link with the future cash flows. The market performance could be examined through the following relationship: Market based assets: It consists of brand, customers, innovations and channels. It seems that they have not value but they have a sound impact over the market. Marketing capabilities: Market orientation and expertise places a major role in perfect utilised use of resources. Marketing actions: Market action based on strategy development and extension of business models that leverage marketing assets and capabilities. MODES OF ENGAGEMENT FOR CRITICAL MARKETING AND THE MAINSTREAM: There are three possible types of engagement the oppositional mode, the revivalist mode and the therapeutic mode. 1- Oppositional: This situation against key marketing and acting dialectically with the mainstream  a separate alternative and present themselves discipline approach and marketing. This Reference is to submit their methods distinct from the development of critical infrastructure,  awareness base, vocabulary, etc., and the various major networks, conferences,  Magazines, in opposition to the dominant people, and so on.  The goal is to establish  Alternative agenda, marketing, and the prevailing philosophy is based on strength and attacks her  Institutions and more than willing to take. The network marketing will separate the principal and other educational institutions as a focal,  Development of the theory and methods, research and education centre for programs,  Anti attract scientists and ideas that have proven effective are ready to attack and change  Prevailing. 2- Revivalist: This important project is busy with the mainstream and to encourage  his methods of investigating the original and important educational values and the return of a doubt.   Evidence of the time on the basis of marketing power lost the original harmonies and creativity, this was counterbalanced by a healthy suspicion and criticism  fixed ideas.  Instead of, in these days, through the knowledge of the Supreme  transmission, the recipient is limited to receive texts become ossified in Philosophy of Kotler is to  managerial skills to take, as set out below as  status the direction of the search method. 3- Therapeutic: This approach as a sign of mainstream marketing ideas, the philosophy of group and marketing power of knowledge in education, social and economic relations (System (1999 Wilmot). Demystify and democratize the importance of the role of marketing. Marketing knowledge and wean direction away from the mainstream to help fetishism marketing techniques and texts. Conclusion: According to our global environment business it is not tough to makes a very popular to your business and to enhance it according to your desire over the world. Today a firm cannot get success without develop a progressive business strategy that can provide a strategic fit between its resources and to change the business strategy. In this case study, you can get the ideas regarding to Literature review by using a long range of strategies based on the market mix and market drivers to achieve organizational goals. The strategies should be build as customer friendly and to help the customer through continuing the services to Independent business owners, members and Clients.

SODA TAX Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SODA TAX - Essay Example Sin taxes are usually placed on cigarettes or alcohol. The government, therefore, should levy lefty taxes on soda because it will help in enhancing public revenues as well as dissuade people from drinking soda, which is a health hazard. Levying a higher tax on beverages like soda will fetch many advantages to the American society and most of the citizens will welcome such a measure. Kelly D. Brownell, based on â€Å"poll results contend that support of a tax on sugared beverages ranges from 37 to 72%† and the pole results from New York residents found that 52% supported a â€Å"soda tax,† but the number rose to 72% when respondents were told that the revenue would be used for obesity prevention† (Brownell). This shows that most of the American people recognize the positive effects tax on soda can bring to the American society in general. Since a major portion of American people in America consume large amounts of soda every day, the tax would help to bring in considerable sums of revenue for the government to pay off its debt. Soda is a popular drink that many people drink every day and many people are even addicted to the caffeine in it. According to Dr. Brownell further argue that â€Å"given the heavy consumption of sugared beverages, even small taxes will generate substantial revenue, but only heftier taxes will significantly reduce consumption† (Brownell). The government embarks on the introduction of such a policy, it will be able to generate some substantial revenue and this will help in making good the deficit and utilize the additional income foe development all activities.. Eliminating the fiscal deficit will not only be advantageous to the government but also to the public as a whole because the revenues that accrue as a result of additional taxes be utilized for public health campaigns to counter the measure of obesity. However, despite the benefits that

Decision Making Case Study Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Decision Making Case Study - Research Paper Example The first step is to create a question that has no judgment in it. according to Rundall et al. (2007), the question must be to the point and not too broad or narrow. In this case, the question that may be appropriate is, "Which programs that we have now are most used by our patients?" This question would get to the heart of the problem. When program managers need to cut services they sometimes cut across the board instead of looking at the changes that can be made without interrupting services. In this step, the manager gathers information from a variety of sources. This means they are not only paying attention to their department, but they are gaining knowledge form the people who are using services as well as suppliers, colleagues, and anyone else who has a stake in the organization. This should also include the board members. According to Gudes, Kendall, Yigitcanlar, Pathak and Baum (2010), involving major stakeholders and users of services in decision making insures that information comes from diverse sources and encourages strong collaboration between those interested in the organization. Also, this collaboration insures that change is an ongoing process instead of a series of one shot deals. In a clinical setting, having several people to give information allows for an understanding of the full picture, which is very important when services must be cut. I found that the websites in this section were very good for funding information on a global level. They provided current research that could be used to compare and contrast specific information to see the bigger picture for Medicaid and situations in a clinical setting. Rundall et al. (2007) suggest that in this step, the organization must take a deeper look at the evidence and make sure that it is "accurate, applicable, actionable and accessible" (p. 336). This is an important step because after step 2, there will be a wealth of information